Process of controlling 1. Establishing or setting standards– the first step of controlling is to set standard against which results can be measured. For setting standard, targeted results must be identified and it should be quantitative as far as possible. Quantitative term can make controlling effective. Standards […]
Importance of controlling 1. Execution of plans– control helps in ensuring the performance of plans through regular examination and evaluation of performance of work that results the performance of activities for accomplishment of goals. 2. Helps in supervision– control helps in reducing deviation between standard performance and actual performance through effective control system established by […]
Essentials of effective control 1. Suitability– the control system should be appropriate to the nature and needs of various activities to serve the specific area or department of the organization 2. Timely and forward looking– control system in the management of the organization should be used to evaluate the deviations timely and take corrective measures […]
Meaning of controlling Controlling is the basic managerial function. It is the process of ensuring the actual activities confined to planned activity. It is an essential function for all levels of management. It ensures the right things are done in the right manner at right time. Each and every organization set the goals. All activities […]
Means/ techniques of coordination 1. Well defined goals: – the first means or technique of coordination is well defined goals. The goals of the organization should be clear and well defined. Each individual in the organization should understand the overall goals. When the goals are not well defined the coordination may not effective. […]
Elements/principles/requisites of good coordination 1. Simplified organization: – authority, responsibility, duty and other job description should clearly be described by the organization. Coordination may be simple and easy when all duties and power are clearly simplified, 2. Harmonized programs and policies: – an organization must set the programs and policies. These programs and policies must […]
Importance of coordination 1. Unity of action: – an enterprise has diverse resources; technique, activities etc and they all must be coordinates to bring unity through unity in action. 2. Increase in efficiency and economy: – coordination brings efficiency because it is an effort of all organizational […]
Meaning of coordination It is defined as a harmonization of all resources and activities that facilitates in work. It is the essence of management for the achievement for the achievement of harmony of individual effort towards the accomplishment of group goals. It is a process by which the manager achieves harmonious group effort and unity […]
Barriers to effective communication A. Physical barriers Internal structure of the organization and layout of office machines and equipments creates physical barriers in communication a. Distance: – communication is found obstructed in long distance. Like communication between America and Nepal. b. Noise: – it is from external sources and affects the communication process. Noise negatively […]
Types of communication 1. Horizontal communication: – it is the process of lateral flow of information in order to coordinate work activities at the same level of management hierarchy. It helps in coordination of task, share information and minimize the conflict. In other words, it is the flow of information between the activities and to […]